Mounting apparatus

ABSTRACT

An improved mounting apparatus for securing a fuel injection nozzle to the cylinder head of an engine including an adapter providing connection for a fuel supply line and having an opening therethrough registerable with an elongated substantially smooth nozzle receiving bore in the head. A first fastening device spaced from the opening in the adapter is utilized for securing the adapter to the head, and a second fastening device is utilized for removably securing the nozzle within the opening of the adapter in predetermined axially extended relation into the nozzle receiving bore of the head to permit selective withdrawal of the nozzle from such bore without removal of the adapter, the fuel supply line, or any adjacent engine components.

J ardin Dec. 9, 1975 MOUNTING APPARATUS [75] Inventor: Thomas K. Jardin,Oxnard, Calif.

[73] Assignee: Caterpillar Tractor Co., Peoria, 111.

[22] Filed: June 21, 1974 [21] Appl. No.: 481,799

[52] US. Cl. 123/32 JV; 123/198 R; 239/533 [51] Int. Cl. B05B 1/30 [58]Field of Search 123/32 V, 32 JV, 198 R; 239/600, 533

[56] References Cited UNYTED STATES PATENTS 2,295,081 9/1942 l-larvath123/32 V 3,244,377 4/1966 Roosa 123/198 R 3,406,912 10/1968 Claffey239/600 3,431,895 3/1969 Bailey 123/32 3,791,591 2/1974 Hedges 239/533FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATTONS 97,829 4/1924 Australia l. 123/32 VPrimary Examiner-Wendell E. Burns Assistant ExaminerPaul DevinskyAttorney, Agent, or FirmRalph E. Walters [57] ABSTRACT An improvedmounting apparatus for securing a fuel injection nozzle to the cylinderhead of an engine including an adapter providing connection for a fuelsupply line and having an opening therethrough registerable with anelongated substantially smooth nozzle receiving bore in the head. Afirst fastening device spaced from the opening in the adapter isutilized for securing the adapter to the head, and a second fasten ingdevice is utilized for removably securing the nozzle within the openingof the adapter in predetermined axially extended relation into thenozzle receiving bore of the head to permit selective withdrawal of thenozzle from such bore without removal of the adapter, the fuel supplyline, or any adjacent engine components.

9 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure US. Patent Dec. 9, 1975 MOUNTING APPARATUSBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to fuel injectionnozzles of the pencil type and more particularly to apparatus foroperatively mounting such nozzles to the cylinder head of an internalcombustion engine.

Fuel has been previously supplied to fuel injection nozzles of the typeinvolved in this invention through a fuel supply line having what iscommonly called a banjo-type fitting. Such banjo fitting iscircumferentially secured in a permanent manner, such as by brazing orthe like, about the body of the nozzle. The nozzle is normally mountedin a smooth non-threaded nozzle bore in the head with the nozzle andfuel supply line being secured by means of a heavy spring clamp and aretaining bolt. As depicted in U.S. Pat. No. 3,244,377 to Roosa, theretaining bolt is screw-threadably engaged in a screw-threaded apertureprovided in the head in spaced relation to the nozzle receiving bore.

As is frequently the case in many engines using the above nozzlearrangement, the fuel supply line is routed under the rocker arm shaftof the cylinder valving mechanism. Consequently, it is necessary toremove the rocker arm shaft and various other engine components toenable removal of the nozzle.

One solution to the above problem is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.3,431,845 to Bailey and assigned to the assignee of this application,wherein an adapter is provided to permit the nozzles removal withoutdisturbing the fuel supply line. Such invention, however, requires aspecial cylinder head having screw threads in the normally smooth nozzlereceiving bore for securing the nozzle and the adapter to the head.Consequently, this solution is not readily adaptable to existing engineshaving the banjo-type fitting without modifications to the cylinder headand undue expenses.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of this inventionto provide an improved mounting apparatus for detachably securing a fuelinjection nozzle to the cylinder head of an engine.

Another object of this invention is to provide such an improved mountingapparatus which permits removal of the nozzle without disturbing itsfuel supply line or any adjacent cylinder valving mechanism.

Another object of this invention is to provide a mounting apparatuswhich is readily adaptable to existing engines without requiring anymodifications of the cylinder head.

Other objects of the present invention will become more readily apparentupon reference to the accompanying drawing and following description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The drawing is a vertical transversesection through a cylinder head of an engine showing the head cover anda portion of the cylinder block and illustrating a fuel injection nozzlesecured therein by an improved mounting apparatus embodying theprinciples of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to the drawing, animproved mounting apparatus embodying the principles of the presentinvention is generally indicated at 10 in association with a cylinderhead 12 of an engine 13. The cylinder head is provided with an elongatedsubstantially smooth nozzle receiving bore 15 therethrough which opensinto a combustion chamber 16 in a cylinder 18 of an engine block 19. Thehead is also provided with a screwthreaded aperture 21 disposed insubstantially parallel offsetting relation to the nozzle receiving bore.

A head cover 22 is mounted on top of the head by conventional fastenermeans, not shown, and encloses such components as the cylinder valvingmechanism and its related supporting structures including a rocker armshaft 24.

The improved mounting apparatus 10 is utilized for detachably securingan elongated pencil type fuel injection nozzle 26 within its respectivenozzle receiving bore 15 in the head. The nozzle is provided with acylindrical body 27 having a predetermined lower injection end 28 and anopposite upper manifold receiving end 29.

The mounting apparatus includes a radially disposed collar portion 30situated in longitudinally centrally disposed relation between theopposite ends of the nozzle body 27. The collar portion includes a pairof longitudinally spaced upper and lower ends 32 and 33, respectively,having a circumferentially disposed frustoconically shaped surface 34extending therebetween. Such surface is bisected by an annular groove 35disposed intermediate the ends 32 and 33. A radially extending passage36 is disposed within the groove and communicates with the interior ofthe body of the nozzle. A tubular fitting 38 is loosely mounted aboutthe body 27 of the nozzle above the collar portion 30 and includes anupper serrated portion 39, a lower reduced diameter portion 40, and anintermediate externally screw-threaded portion 41.

The mounting apparatus also includes an adapter 44 having an opening 45therethrough which is registerable with the nozzle receiving bore 15 inthe head 12. The opening has a frustoconically shaped interior surface46 mating with the. frustoconically shaped surface 34 of the collarportion30 for close fitting receipt of the collar portion therein. Theadapter also has an increased diameter internally screw-threadedprotuberance 47 extending in coaxial relation above its opening 45 whichis adapted screw-threadably to receive the screw-threaded portion 41 ofthe tubular fitting 38. An annular boot retaining lip 48 is formedexternally on the upper end of the protuberance. A radially disposedpassage 49 is formed through the adapter into its opening 45 and isdisposed in registration with the annular groove 35 in the collarportion of the nozzle. A fuel supply line 50 is connected to the passage49 of the adapter by brazing or the like to communicate fueltherethrough from a conventional fuel pump, not shown, to the nozzlethrough the annular groove 35 and the passage 36 in the collar portionthereof. As is commonly the case, such supply line is routed under therocker arm shaft 24. The adapter is also provided with an aperture 51which is positionable in registration with the screw-threaded aperture21 in the head.

An elongated screw-threaded fastening device or stud 52 has one end 53'thereof screw-threadably secured in the threaded aperture 21 in thehead and a remote end 54 spaced a predetermined elevational distanceabove the head. The stud extends through the aperture 51 in the adapter44 and through an elongated tubular spacer 55 disposed in coaxialrelation with the aperture 51 on top of the adapter. A first nut 56 isscrew-threadably mounted on the remote end of the stud to secure theadapter to the head through an axial clamping force transmitted throughthe spacer.

. A spring clamp 58 has one end thereof secured to the remote end of thestud 52 by a second nut 59. The

other end of the spring clamp is disposed over a fueldrain manifold 61.The spring clamp is adapted to exert a downward force on the manifoldand the nozzle 26.

-The manifold is coupled to the nozzle by a downwardly projecting nipple62, shown in dashed lines, which extends into its manifold receiving end29 for draining off any internal fuel leakage therein in a conventionalmanner. Any external leakage is trapped within an elastomeric boot 63which is secured about the protuberance 47 by stretching the bootcompletely over the upper end of the nozzle and over the lip 48 of theprotuberance. The nipple of the manifold is extended through an openingin the portion of the boot overlying the end of the nozzle for directingthe above described internal leakage to the manifold.

A seal 64 is disposed aroundthe nozzle between the adapter and the head12 to additionally prevent any external fuel leakage from the nozzle, aswell as to prevent theescape of gases from the combustion chamber 16. Apuller ring 65 is also provided about the body 27 of the nozzle 26adjacent its manifold receiving end 29.

OPERATION While the operation of the present invention is believed to beclearly apparent from the foregoing description, further amplificationwill be made in the following brief summary of such operation. Wheninstalled in the operative condition shown in the drawing, the improvedmounting apparatus of the present in vention is effective to mount thepencil type fuel injection nozzle 26 in its proper axially extendedposition within the nozzle receiving bore in the head 12. The nozzle issecured to the adapter 44 by the screw threaded engagement of thetubular fitting '38 in the protuberance 47. Such fitting is tightened sothat its lower reduced diameter portion 40 is engaged against the upperend 32 of the collar portion 30 to exert an axial force thereon forurging the frustoconical surfaces 34 and 46 of the collar portion andopening 45, respectively, into sealing contact with each other. Thisprevents the leakage of fuel communicated between the adapter 44 and thenozzle through passage 49 and the annular groove 35. i

The adapter 44, in turn, is independently secured to the head 12 throughthe screw-threaded engagement of the first nut 56 on the stud 52 whichexerts a downward clamping force on the adapter through the spacer 55.An additional downward force on the adapter is provided by the springclaamp 58 which exerts an axial force on the nozzle through the manifold61.

As will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art, the improvedmounting apparatus 10 permits the removal of the fuel injection nozzle26 from the head 12 without disturbing the fuel supply line 50 ornecessitating the disassembly of the rocker arm shaft 24. Such removalis accomplished in the following manner. Flrst, the head cover 22 isremoved from the head in the usual manner to provide access to thenozzle. Next, the spring clamp 58 is disassembled by the removal of thesecond nut 59 on the stud 52. This permits the drain manifold 61 to beunplugged from the upper end of the nozzle 26 and shifted off to oneside of the nozzle. The

boot 63 is then pulled off the protuberance 47 of the adapter andremoved from around the upper end of the nozzle. This exposes theserrated portion 39 of the tubular fitting 38 for receiving acomplimentary tool in meshing relation to screw-threadably disengage thefitting from the protuberance. After this relatively simple procedure isaccomplished, the nozzle may be withdrawn from its nozzle receiving bore15 in the head and from the adapter 44.'lf necessary to break the nozzleloose, an appropriate puller tool, not shown, pulling against the pullerring 65 should be utilized to prevent damage to the nozzle. The adapter,as it will be appreciated, remains secured to the head by theundisturbed first nut 56 on the stud 52. The nozzle 26 is, of course,reassembled by reversing the above described steps.

In view of the foregoing, it is readily apparent that the structure ofthe present invention provides an improved mounting apparatus forsecuring a fuel injection nozzle in its nozzle receiving bore in thecylinder head of an engine and which permits the selective removal ofthe nozzle from the head without the removal of its fuel supply line orany adjacent engine components.

While the invention has been described and shown with particularreference to the preferred embodiment, it will be apparent thatvariations might be possible that would fall within the scope of thepresent invention which is not intended to be limited except as definedin the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. An improved mounting apparatus, for use in combination with aninternal combustion engine having a fuel injection nozzle, a fuel supplyline and a cylinder head with the head having a substantially smoothnozzle-receiving bore, comprising:

means forming an external frustoconical surface on said nozzle;

an adapter having an elongated opening therethrough registerable withthe nozzle-receiving bore in the head, which opening has an internalfrustoconical surface positionable in mating engagement with saidexternal frustoconical surface of said nozzle for supporting the nozzlein predetermined axially extended relation in said bore;

means for operatively connecting said fuel supply line to the adapterand including passage means for supplying fuel therefrom into thenozzle;

first fastening means spaced from said opening for detachably securingsaid adapter to said head; and second fastening means independent ofsaid first fastening means and including an internally screwthreadedprotuberance formed upon said adapter in coaxially extending relationabove said opening thereof and a mating externally screw-threaded memberprovided about said nozzle which is selectively screw-threadablyengageable with said protuberance for separately removably securing saidnozzle to said adapter so that the nozzle is selectively removable fromthe engine without requiringthe disassembly of the adapter from thecylinder head or any disturbance of the fuel supply line.

2. The mounting apparatus of claim 1 wherein said passage meansincludes:

a pair of passages individually located in said adapter and said nozzleand disposed in aligned registry with each other in centrally disposedrelation through their respective frustoconical surfaces so that saidsurfaces are positionable in sealing contact about said passages toprevent fuel leakeage therefrom.

3. The mounting apparatus of claim 2 wherein said frustoconical surfaceof said nozzle is provided by a radially disposed collar portion aboutsaid nozzle and having an upper end remote from said head, and saidexternally screw-threaded member is a tubular fitting loosely mountedabout said nozzle having means on one end thereof for receiving a toolfor imparting turning movement thereto and means on its other endadjacent said collar portion axially engagable against said upper endthereof to urge said frustoconical surfaces into sealing contact uponscrew-threaded engagement of said fitting into said protuberance.

4. The mounting apparatus of claim 3 wherein said first fastening meansincludes;

a screw-threaded aperture formed in said head in parallel offsettingrelation to said substantially smooth nozzle-receiving bore;

an aperture in said adapter registerable with said screw-threadedaperture in the head; and

an elongated screw threaded fastener device positionable through saidaperture in the adapter and screw-threadably engagable with saidscrewthreaded aperture.

5. An improved fuel injection nozzle mounting apparatus, in combinationwith an internal combustion engine having a fuel injection nozzleproviding an elongated nonthreaded body, a fuel supply line, and acylinder head having a nonthreaded nozzle receiving bore therein and athreaded aperture spaced from such bore, wherein the improvementcomprises:

a frustoconically shaped collar portion provided about the center ofsaid body of the nozzle, said collar portion having a radially disposedfuel passage therein and a radially disposed end surface;

an adapter connected to said fuel supply line and in cluding afrustoconically shaped opening therethrough mating with saidfrustoconically shaped collar portion of the nozzle for mounting saidnozzle with one end of its body being disposed in predetermined axiallyextended relation in said nonthreaded nozzle receiving bore in the headand the other end of the body protruding from such bore, and a passageinterconnecting the fuel supply line with said opening in registry withsaid passage of the collar portion,

fastening means connected to said adapter and screw-threadablyengageable with said threaded aperture of the head for detachablysecuring said adapter to the cylinder head;

a tubular fitting disposed about the body of the nozzle inlongitudinally disposed relation to said collar portion, the fittinghaving a radially disposed end surface positionable in abuttingengagement against said end surface of the collar portion; and

a threaded connection cooperatively provided between said fitting andthe adapter for separately detachably securing the nozzle to the adapterso as to permit selective removal of the nozzle from the engine withoutrequiring the disassembly of the adapter and the consequent disturbanceof the fuel supply line.

6. The mounting apparatus of claim 5 including:

fuel drain means connected to said other protruding end of the nozzlebody for draining off any internal fuel leakage from the nozzle.

7. The mounting apparatus of claim 6 wherein said fastening meansincludes;

an elongated stud extending upwardly from said screw-threaded aperturein said head through an aperture in said adapter;

an elongated tubular spacer member positionable on top of said adapter;and

a nut screw-threadably engaged on a remote end of said stud for clampingsaid adapter to the head through an axial force transmitted through saidspacer.

8. The mounting apparatus of claim 7 including clamping means secured tosaid remote end of said stud by another nut and engagable against saiddrain manifold for securing said manifold to the nozzle and for exertinga downward axial force through said nozzle to assist said stud insecuring said adapter means to said head.

9. The mounting apparatus of claim 8 wherein said adapter is providedwith an annular protuberance extending in coaxial relation above saidopening thereof and said apparatus further includes an elastomeric bootsecured about said protuberance and disposed over the protruding end ofsaid nozzle for trapping any external fuel leakage from the nozzle.

1. An improved mounting apparatus, for use in combination with aninternal combustion engine having a fuel injection nozzle, a fuel supplyline and a cylinder head with the head having a substantially smoothnozzle-receiving bore, comprising: means forming an externalfrustoconical surface on said nozzle; an adapter having an elongatedopening therethrough registerable with the nozzle-receiving bore in thehead, which opening has an internal frustoconical surface positionablein mating engagement with said external frustoconical surface of saidnozzle for supporting the nozzle in predetermined axially extendedrelation in said bore; means for operatively connecting said fuel supplyline to the adapter and including passage means for supplying fueltherefrom into the nozzle; first fastening means spaced from saidopening for detachably securing said adapter to said head; and secondfastening means independent of said first fastening means and includingan internally screw-threaded protuberance formed upon said adapter incoaxially extending relation above said opening thereof and a matingexternally screw-threaded member provided about said nozzle which isselectively screwthreadably engageable with said protuberance forseparately removably securing said nozzle to said adapter so that thenozzle is selectively removable from the engine without requiring thedisassembly of the adapter from the cylinder head or any disturbance ofthe fuel supply line.
 2. The mounting apparatus of claim 1 wherein saidpassage means includes: a pair of passages individually located in saidadapter and said nozzle and disposed in aligned registry with each otherin centrally disposed relation through their respective frustoconicalsurfaces so that said surfaces are positionable in sealing contact aboutsaid passages to prevent fuel leakeage therefrom.
 3. The mountingapparatus of claim 2 wherein said frustoconical surface of said nozzleis provided by a radially disposed collar portion about said nozzle andhaving an upper end remote from said head, and said externallyscrew-threaded member is a tubular fitting loosely mounted about saidnozzle having means on one end thereof for receiving a tool forimparting turning movement thereto and means on its other end adjacentsaid collar portion axially engagable against said upper end thereof tourge said frustoconical surfaces into sealing contact uponscrew-threaded engagement of said fitting into said protuberance.
 4. Themounting apparatus of claim 3 wherein said first fastening meansincludes; a screw-threaded aperture formed in said head in paralleloffsetting relation to said substantially smooth nozzle-receiving bore;an aperture in said adapter registerable with said screw-threadedaperture in the head; and an elongated screw threaded fastener devicepositionable through said aperture in the adapter and screw-threadablyengagable with said screw-threaded aperture.
 5. An improved fuelinjection nozzle mounting apparatus, in combination with an internalcombustion eNgine having a fuel injection nozzle providing an elongatednonthreaded body, a fuel supply line, and a cylinder head having anonthreaded nozzle receiving bore therein and a threaded aperture spacedfrom such bore, wherein the improvement comprises: a frustoconicallyshaped collar portion provided about the center of said body of thenozzle, said collar portion having a radially disposed fuel passagetherein and a radially disposed end surface; an adapter connected tosaid fuel supply line and including a frustoconically shaped openingtherethrough mating with said frustoconically shaped collar portion ofthe nozzle for mounting said nozzle with one end of its body beingdisposed in predetermined axially extended relation in said nonthreadednozzle receiving bore in the head and the other end of the bodyprotruding from such bore, and a passage interconnecting the fuel supplyline with said opening in registry with said passage of the collarportion, fastening means connected to said adapter and screw-threadablyengageable with said threaded aperture of the head for detachablysecuring said adapter to the cylinder head; a tubular fitting disposedabout the body of the nozzle in longitudinally disposed relation to saidcollar portion, the fitting having a radially disposed end surfacepositionable in abutting engagement against said end surface of thecollar portion; and a threaded connection cooperatively provided betweensaid fitting and the adapter for separately detachably securing thenozzle to the adapter so as to permit selective removal of the nozzlefrom the engine without requiring the disassembly of the adapter and theconsequent disturbance of the fuel supply line.
 6. The mountingapparatus of claim 5 including: fuel drain means connected to said otherprotruding end of the nozzle body for draining off any internal fuelleakage from the nozzle.
 7. The mounting apparatus of claim 6 whereinsaid fastening means includes; an elongated stud extending upwardly fromsaid screw-threaded aperture in said head through an aperture in saidadapter; an elongated tubular spacer member positionable on top of saidadapter; and a nut screw-threadably engaged on a remote end of said studfor clamping said adapter to the head through an axial force transmittedthrough said spacer.
 8. The mounting apparatus of claim 7 includingclamping means secured to said remote end of said stud by another nutand engagable against said drain manifold for securing said manifold tothe nozzle and for exerting a downward axial force through said nozzleto assist said stud in securing said adapter means to said head.
 9. Themounting apparatus of claim 8 wherein said adapter is provided with anannular protuberance extending in coaxial relation above said openingthereof and said apparatus further includes an elastomeric boot securedabout said protuberance and disposed over the protruding end of saidnozzle for trapping any external fuel leakage from the nozzle.